ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES Meaning and
Definition
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Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) refers to a range of medical procedures and interventions used to help individuals or couples achieve pregnancy when natural conception is difficult or impossible. ART encompasses various advanced reproductive techniques conducted by medical professionals, particularly in the field of infertility treatment.
These technologies typically involve the manipulation of human eggs, sperm, or embryos outside the body, with the aim of achieving successful conception or pregnancy. Common forms of assisted reproductive technologies include in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), intrauterine insemination (IUI), and gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).
ART procedures usually start with ovarian stimulation, in which fertility medications are administered to enhance the production of eggs. These eggs are then retrieved through a minor surgical procedure and combined with sperm in a laboratory setting. The resulting embryos are monitored and cultured in a controlled environment for a few days before being transferred into the uterus. This process can offer opportunities for genetic testing and selection in certain cases.
Assisted Reproductive Technologies have revolutionized infertility treatment and have become a crucial option for individuals or couples experiencing difficulties in conceiving. While it offers hope to many, ART is also a complex medical field with ethical and social implications. Its applications extend beyond infertility and are sometimes used for other purposes, such as preserving fertility for individuals undergoing medical treatments that might impact reproductive capacity or assisting same-sex couples and single individuals in building families.
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