BENZYLPENICILLIN ACYLASE Meaning and
Definition
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Benzylpenicillin acylase, also known as penicillin G acylase or penicillin amidase, is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the production of semisynthetic penicillin antibiotics. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the amide bond present in the molecule benzylpenicillin, or penicillin G, thereby producing 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA). This reaction is a key step in converting penicillin G into a range of valuable derivatives that exhibit improved antibacterial properties.
The enzyme benzylpenicillin acylase is predominately found in certain microbial species, such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, which are commonly employed in industrial fermentation processes for penicillin production. It possesses a specific active site that recognizes the amide portion of the penicillin molecule, enabling the hydrolysis reaction to occur. This enzymatic reaction provides a valuable route for the synthesis of semisynthetic penicillins, as the 6-APA produced can be further modified to create a variety of penicillin derivatives with enhanced stability, broader spectrum activity, and resistance to microbial degradation.
Benzylpenicillin acylase has been extensively studied and applied in the biotechnological industry due to its ability to efficiently produce penicillin derivatives under mild reaction conditions. Its commercial application has contributed significantly to the availability of various semisynthetic penicillins that are widely used in the medical field for the treatment of bacterial infections.
Common Misspellings for BENZYLPENICILLIN ACYLASE
- venzylpenicillin acylase
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Etymology of BENZYLPENICILLIN ACYLASE
The word "Benzylpenicillin Acylase" is derived from the following components:
1. Benzylpenicillin: This term consists of two parts: "benzyl" and "penicillin".
- "Benzyl" refers to the benzene ring structure, which is a six-carbon aromatic ring with alternating double bonds.
- "Penicillin" is a type of antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming. It is derived from the Penicillium fungi and has antimicrobial properties.
2. Acylase: This term is derived from the word "acyl" and the suffix "-ase".
- "Acyl" refers to an organic functional group consisting of a carbon atom bonded to a carbon-oxygen double bond and an additional carbon atom.
- The suffix "-ase" denotes an enzyme that catalyzes a specific biochemical reaction.
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