CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT Meaning and
Definition
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Chromosomal rearrangement refers to the structural alterations or changes that occur in the arrangement or positioning of genetic material within chromosomes. Chromosomes are the thread-like structures found in the nucleus of cells that carry genetic information in the form of genes.
These rearrangements can involve various types of alterations in the chromosomes, such as deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. Deletions involve the loss of a section of the chromosome, while duplications result in the presence of extra copies of certain sections. Inversions occur when a segment of the chromosome is flipped and reinserted in the opposite orientation. Translocations involve the transfer of a segment of one chromosome to another chromosome.
Chromosomal rearrangements can have significant consequences on the functioning and expression of genes. They can disrupt the normal structure and organization of genetic material, leading to various genetic disorders or abnormalities. These rearrangements can affect gene dosage, gene regulation, or result in the fusion of genes with potential oncogenic consequences.
Chromosomal rearrangements can be spontaneous, resulting from errors that occur during DNA replication or repair, or they can be caused by external factors such as radiation exposure or certain chemicals. They can also be inherited from parents who carry rearranged chromosomes.
Studying chromosomal rearrangements is vital in understanding the underlying causes of genetic diseases and in diagnosing and treating patients affected by these conditions. Techniques such as karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) are often employed to detect and analyze chromosomal rearrangements.
Common Misspellings for CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT
- xhromosomal rearrangement
- vhromosomal rearrangement
- fhromosomal rearrangement
- dhromosomal rearrangement
- cgromosomal rearrangement
- cbromosomal rearrangement
- cnromosomal rearrangement
- cjromosomal rearrangement
- curomosomal rearrangement
- cyromosomal rearrangement
- cheomosomal rearrangement
- chdomosomal rearrangement
- chfomosomal rearrangement
- chtomosomal rearrangement
- ch5omosomal rearrangement
- ch4omosomal rearrangement
- chrimosomal rearrangement
- chrkmosomal rearrangement
- chrlmosomal rearrangement
- chrpmosomal rearrangement
Etymology of CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT
The word "chromosomal rearrangement" has its etymology rooted in the combination of three terms: "chromosome", "rearrangement", and a suffix.
1. Chromosome: The term "chromosome" comes from the Greek words "chroma" meaning "color" and "soma" meaning "body". It was coined by German anatomist Walther Flemming in 1888 to describe the visible thread-like structures that appear in the nucleus of cells during cell division (now known as mitosis). Their resemblance to colored bodies under a microscope led to the name "chromosome".
2. Rearrangement: The word "rearrangement" derives from the verb "rearrange", which combines the prefix "re-" meaning "again" or "back" with the verb "arrange". "Arrange" originated from the French word "arranger", meaning "to put in order".
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