DCM (Dilated Cardiomyopathy) refers to a medical condition characterized by the enlargement and weakening of the heart's muscular walls, leading to reduced pumping or systolic function. It is a type of heart muscle disease that affects the heart's ability to effectively pump blood, potentially resulting in heart failure.
In DCM, the muscular walls of the heart become stretched and thin, causing the heart chambers to enlarge. As a result, the heart's pumping ability is compromised, leading to an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the body's organs and tissues. This condition can progress gradually or rapidly, and it is often accompanied by symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, swelling in the legs and ankles, and irregular heartbeat.
The causes of DCM can vary and may include genetic factors, viral infections, alcohol or drug abuse, certain medications, and chronic conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes. It can affect individuals of all ages, although it is more commonly observed in middle-aged adults and the elderly.
Treatment for DCM aims to manage symptoms, slow down the progression of the disease, and improve heart function. This may involve a combination of medications, lifestyle modifications (such as reducing alcohol consumption and maintaining a healthy weight), and in severe cases, surgical interventions such as heart transplantation. Regular monitoring and follow-up with a healthcare professional are necessary to manage DCM effectively.
