Pronunciation: [ɛɡzˈɪlɑːk] (IPA) 
The spelling of the word "exilarch" may seem confusing to those unfamiliar with its origins. It is derived from the Greek words "exile" and "archon," meaning ruler or leader in exile. The IPA phonetic transcription for "exilarch" is /ˈɛksɪlɑːk/. The 'x' in the beginning represents the sound /ks/, while the 'i' is pronounced as /ɪ/. The 'ch' in the end is pronounced as /k/ making it clear that it is not pronounced as 'arch' /ɑːk/.
Exilarch is a term that refers to a position of leadership and authority held by the heads of the Jewish community in Babylon during the period of exile following the destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. The term itself is derived from the Aramaic words "exil" meaning exile, and "rav" meaning leader or prince. The exilarch was regarded as the principal representative of the Jewish people in the diaspora.
The exilarch was a hereditary title, passed down within a specific lineage known as the Davidic house. This lineage was believed to be descended from King David and, by extension, the Messiah. As such, the exilarch was considered to have both political and spiritual authority over the Jewish community.
The exilarch was responsible for administering the affairs of the Jewish community, representing their interests before the ruling powers of Babylon, and ensuring the continuation of Jewish religious and cultural practices. They had the power to make legal judgments, appoint judges and other officials, and collect taxes from the Jewish community.
Though the exilarch's authority was sometimes challenged or limited by Persian rulers, they continued to play a significant role in the Babylonian Jewish community for several centuries. With the rise of Arab rule and the decline of Babylon, the position gradually lost much of its prominence and authority.
Today, the term "exilarch" is often used more generally to refer to any Jewish leader or prince, especially someone regarded as having great influence within a particular community or religious group.
The word "exilarch" has an etymology derived from two different sources. The term is a combination of two words: "exile" and "arch".
1. "Exile" originates from the Latin word "exilium", meaning banishment or exile. It was later adopted into Old French as "exil" before being integrated into Middle English as "exil". The word "exile" refers to the state of being sent away or living away from one's native land.
2. "Arch" comes from the Greek word "archos", which means ruler, chief, or leader. The term "arch" is commonly used as a prefix to denote a person who holds a prominent or high-ranking position.
When combined, "exilarch" refers to a ruler or leader of a community living in exile.
