The intermediate temporal artery is a medical term used to describe one of the branches of the superficial temporal artery that supplies blood to the temporal region of the head. This artery is referred to as "intermediate" as it lies between two other branches of the superficial temporal artery, namely the anterior temporal artery and the posterior temporal artery.
The superficial temporal artery originates from the external carotid artery, a major blood vessel supplying the head and neck. As it courses over the temporal region, the superficial temporal artery gives rise to multiple branches, including the intermediate temporal artery. These arteries play a crucial role in providing vascular supply to the scalp, the muscles of the forehead, as well as the frontal and parietal bones.
The intermediate temporal artery, along with the other branches of the superficial temporal artery, ensures proper blood circulation and oxygenation to the scalp and surrounding tissues. This vascular supply is important for supporting the health and function of the scalp, hair follicles, and the structures in the area.
In certain medical contexts, the intermediate temporal artery may be of interest due to its involvement in certain pathologies. For example, temporal artery biopsies are sometimes performed to diagnose or rule out temporal arteritis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels, including the superficial temporal artery branches. This inflammation can lead to complications such as vision changes, headaches, and jaw pain.
