Nodular Large Follicular Center Cell Lymphoma, also known as NLFC, is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily affects the lymph nodes. It is classified within the indolent lymphomas, a group of slow-growing cancers that originate from the lymphocytes present in the immune system.
This particular subtype of lymphoma is characterized by the presence of nodular growth patterns and the involvement of large centrocytes and centroblasts, which are the typical cells found in the germinal centers of lymph nodes. The nodules, or small clusters of abnormal cells, form within the lymph node architecture and may extend to neighboring tissues as the disease progresses.
NLFC often presents with painless lymphadenopathy, or swollen lymph nodes, usually in the neck, armpit, or groin. In some cases, NLFC may involve extranodal sites such as the bone marrow, spleen, or gastrointestinal tract. The clinical course of NLFC varies among individuals, with some patients experiencing slow disease progression and others presenting more aggressive forms.
Diagnosis of NLFC typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, medical history, physical examinations, and imaging tests. Confirmation is obtained through a biopsy of an affected lymph node or affected organ, along with immunohistochemistry and molecular genetic studies.
Treatment options for NLFC depend on the stage of the disease, patient characteristics, and overall health status. Some cases may not require immediate intervention and may be monitored through active surveillance. Other treatment approaches include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or stem cell transplantation. The prognosis for NLFC is generally favorable, with a good response to treatment and a relatively high overall survival rate. However, continued follow-up care is essential to monitor for disease recurrence.
