Proglumide receptors, also known as CCK2 receptors or cholecystokinin type 2 receptors, are a subtype of G-protein coupled receptors primarily found in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. These receptors are activated by a peptide hormone called cholecystokinin (CCK).
CCK is produced and released by various cells in the body, including the lining of the small intestine, parts of the brain, and enteric neurons. When CCK interacts with proglumide receptors, it elicits a variety of physiological responses.
In the gastrointestinal tract, activation of proglumide receptors by CCK promotes the contraction of the gallbladder, which helps in the digestion and absorption of fats. It also inhibits gastric emptying, thus delaying the passage of food from the stomach into the small intestine. Additionally, proglumide receptors play a role in regulating pancreatic enzyme secretion, which aids in the digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
In the central nervous system, proglumide receptors are involved in modulating various functions, including pain perception, anxiety, satiety, and memory. Activation of these receptors can have analgesic effects, reducing the sensation of pain. They are also implicated in the regulation of food intake, as CCK released in response to food consumption signals a feeling of fullness.
Proglumide receptors are of significant interest in the field of pharmacology, as they present potential targets for the development of drugs targeting conditions such as gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, and certain mental health disorders.
