The Republic of Kiribati is a sovereign nation located in the central Pacific Ocean. It is an archipelago composed of 33 low-lying coral atolls and reef islands spread over an expansive area of the Pacific. The name "Kiribati" derives from the local pronunciation of "Gilberts," which refers to the Gilbert Islands, one of the three island groups that comprise the republic.
Kiribati gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1979 and is now a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Its political system is organized as a presidential republic, where a president serves as both the head of state and government. The republic consists of four island groups: the Gilbert, Phoenix, and Line Islands, as well as the scattered Banaba Island.
The climate of Kiribati is tropical, characterized by hot and humid conditions with abundant rainfall. Due to its low elevation, the nation faces significant challenges in adapting to climate change and rising sea levels. Kiribati is known for its unique marine biodiversity and picturesque coral reefs, making it a popular destination for tourists interested in diving and exploring the natural wonders of the Pacific.
The economy of Kiribati largely relies on subsistence farming, fishing, and international aid. Copra, fish, and seaweed exports contribute to the country's modest income. The people of Kiribati, known as I-Kiribati, primarily speak Gilbertese and retain a strong cultural identity, with traditional dancing, music, and crafts playing important roles in their cultural heritage.
