The "rule of man" refers to a system of governance in which decisions, actions, and laws are predominantly influenced by the arbitrary judgments, whims, or personal preferences of an individual or a small group of individuals, rather than being guided by established norms, universally applicable principles, or legal statutes. In this context, the "man" represents an autocrat, a dictator, or a ruler who possesses absolute power and authority over a particular community, organization, or country.
Under the rule of man, the individual in power is often the ultimate decision-maker, and their personal beliefs, desires, or personal interests may heavily influence the direction and policies adopted by the ruling body. There is usually a significant concentration of authority in the hands of this individual or select few, which can result in the centralization of power, a lack of checks and balances, and limited accountability.
Critics of the rule of man argue that it can undermine democracy, justice, and equality, as decisions may be driven by self-interest, favoritism, or political patronage rather than being based on fair and equitable principles. This system can also lead to the erosion of civil liberties and human rights, as there is no objective framework or independent governing body to oversee the actions of the ruler.
In contrast, the rule of law is often seen as a more desirable alternative to the rule of man, emphasizing the supremacy of legal principles and due process, and ensuring that decisions are made in accordance with established norms and regulations rather than personal judgments.
