STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS Meaning and
Definition
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Stereoselective synthesis is a concept that pertains to the production of a specific stereochemical configuration of a molecule during a chemical reaction. Stereochemistry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or groups around a central atom within a molecule. Stereoisomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but differ in their spatial arrangement.
In stereoselective synthesis, the control over the stereochemistry is achieved by selectively generating a desired stereoisomer or a specific class of stereoisomers with a preferred configuration. This process involves the use of specific reagents, catalysts, or reaction conditions that can favor the formation of one particular stereoisomer over others.
The aim of stereoselective synthesis is to access a desired stereoisomer with high efficiency and yield, avoiding the undesired formation of other stereochemical forms. It plays an essential role in the field of drug synthesis, where the stereochemistry of a molecule often correlates with its biological activity, potency, and selectivity.
By achieving stereoselectivity, chemists can fine-tune the properties of a drug to enhance its therapeutic efficacy while minimizing potential side effects. Stereoselective synthesis also has applications in the synthesis of natural products, agrochemicals, and materials with specific stereochemical arrangements.
In summary, stereoselective synthesis is a powerful strategy used in organic chemistry to selectively produce a desired stereoisomer or a specific class of stereoisomers, enabling the precise control of the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule.
Etymology of STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS
The term "stereoselective synthesis" is composed of two main parts: "stereo" and "selective".
1. Stereo: It comes from the Greek word "stereos", meaning "solid" or "three-dimensional". In chemistry, "stereo" refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or groups around a molecule.
2. Selective: It comes from the Latin word "selectus", meaning "chosen" or "distinguished". Its root in Latin is "seligere", meaning "to pick out" or "choose". In chemistry, "selective" refers to the ability to preferentially choose or control a specific reaction pathway or product.
Thus, the etymology of "stereoselective synthesis" can be understood as the synthesis of molecules while selectively controlling or favoring specific stereochemical outcomes or features.
