Surmulot is a term that refers to a species of rodent belonging to the genus Rattus, commonly known as the brown rat or Norway rat. It is one of the most widespread and adaptable rodents globally, often found in both urban and rural areas. The term "surmulot" originated from the French language, where it is primarily used to identify this species.
The surmulot is a medium-sized rat with a robust body, typically measuring around 9 to 11 inches in length, excluding the tail. It has a pointed snout, small ears, and a scaly tail that is longer than its body. This rat species has coarse fur that is generally brown or gray, with a lighter underbelly.
Surmulots are known for their high reproductive potential, with females capable of producing up to six litters per year, each consisting of approximately six to twelve offspring. They have a preference for hiding in dark, warm, and secluded places such as underground burrows or human-made structures like sewers or basements.
While they are omnivorous, surmulots primarily feed on grains, seeds, fruits, and vegetables, and their diet can also include insects, small vertebrates, and carrion. Due to their opportunistic nature, they are considered a significant pest species, causing damage to crops, buildings, and stored food. Surmulots are also known to transmit diseases to humans and other animals through their droppings and urine. Methods for controlling surmulot populations include traps, poison baits, and proactive pest management practices.
