TOWER CRANE Meaning and
Definition
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A tower crane is a specialized type of construction equipment used primarily in the construction industry for lifting heavy loads and materials to high elevations. It is a tall, powerful, and robust crane that is fixed to the ground on a concrete foundation. Tower cranes typically consist of a central mast or tower, which provides height and stability, and an extendable horizontal jib or boom that can rotate 360 degrees.
Tower cranes are known for their immense lifting capacity and reach, allowing them to lift and transport heavy construction materials, such as steel, concrete, and equipment, to great heights. These cranes are commonly used in large-scale construction projects, such as high-rise buildings and bridges, where they play a crucial role in the assembly of structural elements.
The main components of a tower crane include the mast, jib, counterweights, and a motorized trolley system. The mast provides the crane's vertical stability and is composed of steel sections that are added as the crane height increases. The jib, attached to the mast, carries the load and can extend or retract as required. Counterweights are located at the back of the crane's base to balance the weight of the load being lifted. The trolley system allows the crane to move horizontally along the jib, providing versatility and precision during operations.
Tower cranes are operated by skilled crane operators who work from an enclosed cabin located near the top of the mast. They use a combination of controls, levers, and visual aids, such as cameras, to ensure safe and efficient lifting operations. Safety measures, such as load capacity monitoring systems and wind speed sensors, are incorporated into modern tower cranes to prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of construction workers and the surrounding environment.
Etymology of TOWER CRANE
The word "tower crane" has a simple etymology.
The word "tower" comes from the Old English word "torr" or "tor", which means a tall structure or an elevated place. It can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic word "turmaz" and the Proto-Indo-European root "deru", meaning "to be firm, solid, or hold".
The word "crane" derives from the Old English "cran", which is believed to have been borrowed from the Proto-Germanic root "kran-" or "kranô". This root is related to the Dutch word "kraan" and the German word "Kran", all of which refer to a machine used to lift and move heavy objects.
Therefore, "tower crane" refers to a type of crane that is elevated on a tall structure (tower) and is specifically designed for heavy lifting operations.
